Fostering critical thinking among senior high school students in Colombia has been an unfulfilled goal. This undesirable situation has multiple causes: “critical thinking” has become a mere slogan and its meaning and scope have not been clearly specified despite being widely used in the different levels of the education system. Furthermore, the strategies designed to teach critical thinking lack creativity, reinforce rote learning and the sheer repetition of logic rules besides misallocating the goal of reasoning and argumentation by focusing only on rhetorical persuasion. Textbooks and core literature in critical thinking suggest that a critical thinker is someone who always has plenty of arguments to defend her beliefs besides being ready to address even destructive criticism. By contrast, critical rationalism emphasizes the importance of a humble approach, acknowledges error, and portrays a critical thinker as someone who is ready to test her most beloved theories against experience and to reject them in the light of the facts that contradict her beliefs and certainties. We consider that a pedagogical approach enriched with fallibilism might be central for a better education and endorse these views with the results of a case study conducted in Manizales, Colombia, which shows that teaching the basics of logic and argumentation by using the central tenets of critical rationalism fosters critical thinking among senior high school students

Critical thinking is a fundamental cognitive skill that significantly influences our thought processes. Without it, reaching impartial and accurate conclusions becomes challenging. This skill holds profound importance in educational settings. The focus of the present study was to examine how teaching critical thinking skills enhances the critical thinking and reading comprehension abilities of Iranian English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners. A group of 40 in-service EFL teachers from Farhangian University in Iran underwent pretests on reading comprehension and critical thinking. Critical thinking interventions were systematically integrated into the course curriculum at 4-week intervals. Following the instructional period, posttests were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the critical thinking intervention program. Results indicated a notable improvement in both the knowledge and attitudes towards critical thinking. Moreover, the program positively impacted the students' reading comprehension levels, particularly their ability to critically approach reading comprehension tests. This highlights the significance of creating an environment where students feel comfortable expressing their thoughts without the fear of judgment. Educators play a crucial role in fostering optimal critical thinking behaviors and attitudes through effective modeling. Promoting a culture of open expression and critical thinking is key to nurturing well-rounded learners.

Introduction & objectives: Recently, educational psychologists and other scholars question the validity of defining learning mainly as the transfer of information from teacher to the learner. Instead, they emphasized the role of teachers in developing intellectual skills in the learners. The article is an attempt to review studies about critical thinking and to explain the concept of critical thinking, its components, its instruction and its importance in nursing. There are many definitions about critical thinking. Some prominent critical thinking theorists include faction, Watson and Glaser, MC peck and so on.A critical thinker must have certain abilities and characteristics in order to develop critical thinking, teachers can use case studies, brainstorming in writing, question-raising methods for their students. There are a lot of reasons to use critical thinking in health care systems. One of them is the ever increasing amount of data in this field. Critical thinking is one of the crucial skills that is required for the development of nursing education and practice. However, the application of this concept brought about a kind of confusion which emerges when this term is substituted with one of its components such as problem- solving.This study, nine articles and three books were examined.As it is the time of information explosion and scholars need to have access to a great deal of information in a limited period of time, it is a matter of greet urgency to develop intellectual skills such as how to think scientifically.The great revolutions in science and technology have also affected the health care systems including nursing profession. To cope with such changes, the scholars must equip themselves with the essential knowledge as skills, among which critical thinking skills are of great importance.

Introduction: One of the main goals of education is thinking development. Thinking about thinking for improving the thinking process is the heart of critical thinking. This paper aimed to provide different definitions of critical thinking.Methods: This review was conducted on some published articles during 1990 to 2007 in the field of critical thinking Results: Various experts have used different terminology to describe function and activities of critical thinking. While provided definitions have tried to identify the different aspects of thinking and critical thinking, its trend is obvious. It means that evaluation and analysis of content of a target subject is done through a robust review process for understanding its content Conclusion: Critical thinking is a kind of purposeful, logical and deep thinking for decision-making and problem solving.

Several new techniques of management accounting under three major titles: cost management, strategic management and management accounting in new organizations. This development is now commonly known as management accounting change. To learn about management accounting change, some would tend to concentrate only this new development. To define management accounting in terms of three views: technical-managerial, pragmatic- interpretive and critical-socio-economic.Also in this studying, we identify three distinct schools of thought that fall under the broader heading of critical management accounting research:-political economy of management accounting-post-modern perspective, mainly foucaldian perspective-Habermasian or Frankfort schools “critical theory”.

This article investigates connections between critical thinking and moral virtues. Critical thinking, demonstrating the sound principles of arguments, can bring order and clarity to our mind and intensify our critical power. Furtheremore, it can be efficient in creating honesty and improving our relations with each other. In this manner, being logical is related to many virtues such as fairness, honesty and truthfulness, while fallacious reasoning -if intentional- arises from dishonesty and -if unintentional- shows the immaturity of mind.Then, our issue is connected with the morality; we do not like to be blind through the dusts of fallacies, hence we should not do that to others.This article explains that on the one hand, a critical thinker is a virtuous man and on the other hand, moral virtues guide us to critical thinking.